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Objective:To observe the denervation and reinnervation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and muscle spindle after sciatic nerve crush in mice.Methods:From January, 2019 to October, 2019, 18 C57BL/6 mice were randomly and evenly divided into injured groups (sciatic nerve crush group, 12 mice) and control groups (sham group, 6 mice). Mice in the injured group were sacrificed at day-1, day-2, day-3 and 4 weeks after the sciatic nerve injury. Mice in the control group were sacrificed at day-3 and 4 weeks from the day of experiment. The tibialis anterior muscles with crushed nerve were collected for immunohistochemistry staining by neurofilament (NF), synaptophysin (Syn) and α-bungarotoxin (α-BTX). Data were analysed by unpaired t-test. P<0.05 was considered significant difference. Results:The completely denervation of NMJ reached (92.4±8.85)% at day-3 after the nerve crush, compared with (5.19±1.32)% in the control group ( P<0.05). However, the muscle spindle lost γ-motor neuron innervation at day-2 after the nerve crush and completely denervated at day-3 after the surgery. For the reinnervation, no difference of no reinnervation of NMJ [(3.02±0.78)% vs. (4.22±2.08)%], partial reinnervation of NMJ [(6.44±1.91)% vs. (7.94±2.12)%] and completely reinnervation of NMJ [(90.54±10.44)% vs. (87.84±13.89)%] were observed between the control group and the injured group 4 weeks after the injury. While, for the muscle spindle, only the acetylcholine receptors at each end were partly reinnervated. The innervation of the middle part of the muscle spindle was thin and discontinued without typical spiral winding structure. Conclusion:The denervation speed of NMJ and muscle spindle was comparable after the peripheral nerve injury. The γ-motor neuron lost innervation ahead of the sensory neuron in the muscle spindle. The reinnervation of NMJ is earlier than that of the muscle spindle, and the re-innervation of the γ-motor neuron is prior to the sensory neuron in the muscle spindle.
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Objective: To discuss over NO inhalation [iNO] in combination with high frequency ventilation treatment in relieving clinical symptoms and respiratory state of patients with neonatal severe respiratory failure
Methods:Ninety newborns with severe respiratory failure who received treatment in our hospital were selected for this study. They were divided into research group and control group according to visiting time. Patients in the control group were given conventional treatment in combination with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, while patients in the research group were given iNO for treatment additionally besides the treatment the same as the control group. Changes of respiratory function indexes and arterial blood gas indexes of patients in the two groups were compared. Mechanical ventilation time, time of oxygen therapy and the length of hospital stay were recorded. Besides, postoperative outcome and the incidence of complications were analyzed
Results:After treatment, the level of PaO[2] of both groups significantly improved, and respiratory function indexes such as partial pressure of carbon dioxide in artery [PaCO2], oxygenation index [OI], fraction of inspiration O[2] [FiO[2]] and mean arterial pressure [MAP] decreased [P<0.05]; the improvement of various indexes of the research group was more obvious than that of the control group [P<0.05]. Mechanical ventilation time, oxygen therapy time and the length of hospital stay of the research group was much shorter than those of the control group. The incidence of complications in the two groups had no statistically significant difference [P>0.05], but the clinical outcome of the research group was better than that of the control group
Conclusion:NO inhalation in combination with high frequency ventilation for treating neonatal severe respiratory failure is effective in improving blood gas index and respiratory function, enhance cure rate, and reduce the incidence of complications and mortality; hence it is safe and effective and worth clinical promotion
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AIM:To observe the effects of adipose differentiation-related protein ( adipophilin) on the expres-sion of inflammatory factors in RAW264.7 macrophage and to clarify the related mechanism.METHODS:The cell models with high expression and low expression of adipophilin were constructed by transfecting PA317 packaging cells with stable high or low expression adipophilin retroviral vectors into the RAW264.7 cells.The concentrations of IL-6, MCP-1 and TNF-αin the cell culture medium were detected by ELISA.The protein levels of AP-1, p-AP-1, ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 were measured by Western blot.The protein levels of adipophilin, p-ERK1/2 and p-AP-1 and the releases of the inflamma-tory factors in the RAW264.7 cells treated with or without ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 or AP-1 inhibitor curcumin were de-termined.RESULTS:The RAW264.7 cells with high expression of adipophilin had higher levels of IL-6, MCP-1 and TNF-α, and higher protein levels of p-AP-1 and p-ERK1/2 than those in the cells with low expression of adipophilin. ERK1/2 inhibitor had no significant effect on the expression of adipophilin, but the protein expression of ERK1/2 and AP-1 was significantly inhibited (P<0.05).The administration of AP-1 inhibitor curcumin had no significant effect on the protein expression of adipophilin and ERK1/2, but the protein expression of AP-1 was significantly inhibited (P<0.05). At the same time, the releases of inflammatory factors IL-6, MCP-1 and TNF-αwere significantly decreased.CONCLU-SION:Adipophilin may regulate the expression of inflammatory factors through ERK1/2-AP-1 pathway in RAW264.7 mac-rophages.
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Objective:To investigate the association of the rsl801133 polymorphisms of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)gene and rs2236225 polymorphisms of the methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase(MTHFD1)gene with non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P)in Chinese population of Shanxi Province.Methods:The rsl801133 polymorphism of MTHFR gene and rs2236225 polymorphism of MTHFD1 gene were examined by PCR-RFLP in 265 patients with NSCL/P and 276 healthy controls.Data were statistically analysed.Results:The genotypic distribution of rsl801133 and rs2236225 was not deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.There was no significant difference in allele frequencies of rsl801133 and rs2236225 variants between patients with NSCL/P and healthy individuals(P <0.05).Conclusion:The polymorphism of MTHFR gene and MTHFD1 gene was not associated with NSCL/P in Chinese population of Shanxi Province.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the incidence of chronic rhinosinusitis and its influence on life quality for junior middle school students in Zhengzhou Municipal.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two thousand and twenty junior middle school students in Zhengzhou Municipal were randomly selected as the object of investigation by designed survey and visual analogue scale (VAS) questionnaire of chronic rhinosinusitis the sino-nasal outcome test-20 (SNOT-20) and nasal examination. Effect on the quality of life was investigated based on the degree of troubles caused by symptoms.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The incidence of chronic rhinosinusitis in junior middle school students in Zhengzhou Municipal was 6.73% (136/2 020), in which, 22.79% (31/136) of these students' quality of life was affected (VAS>5).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Chronic rhinosinusitis is common in junior middle school students, and the life quality is affected. So we should pay attention to this diseases and take the positive and effective intervention measures.</p>
Subject(s)
China , Epidemiology , Chronic Disease , Epidemiology , Nose , Pain Measurement , Quality of Life , Sinusitis , Epidemiology , Students , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
This study was designed to measure the performance of county health systems in central and western China utilizing routine healthcare data. Drawing on a literature review and expert consultation, the study established a theoretical framework and an indicator system for performance review. Questionnaires were designed and disseminated to collect empirical data on health system performance in four counties of two central and western provinces. Quantitative data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis through SPSS12.0. Three dimensions were introduced in the performance review framework-health outcomes, financial risk protection and consumer and provider satisfaction. Health outcomes were assessed from four secondary indicators: infant mortality rate; maternal mortality rate; under-5 child mortality rate; and the incidence of Class A and Class B notifiable diseases. Financial risk was assessed using two secondary indicators: the proportion of the cost of inpatient care that was reimbursed under the New Cooperative Medical System (NCMS) insurance scheme, and the rate of NCMS funds utilization. The assessment of satisfaction was made using two secondary indicators: the overall satisfaction of local residents with healthcare services, and the satisfaction of health practitioners at the township and village level. The study indicated better health system performance in the two counties in Chongqing than those in Shanxi. It was concluded that outcome framework scores can fairly reveal performance differences among county health systems in central and western China, and can provide practical evidence for optimizing the operation and inputs of county health systems. Caution needs to be exercised in generalizing such performance outcomes as many factors such as spending and organization that contribute to county health system performance were not included in the study.
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AIM: To determine the effect of promoting cellular cholesterol efflux on the apoptosis of foam cells derived from monocytes. METHODS: RAW264.7 cells were incubated with 50 mg/L ox-LDL as a foam cell mode. The apoptosis rate of RAW264.7 cells was assayed by flow cytometry. Cellular lipid droplet was assayed by oil red staining. The rate of cellular cholesterol efflux was assayed with [~3H] label cholesterol, and the content of cellular cholesterol were assayed by high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: After incubation with 50 mg/L ox-LDL for 48 h, the content of cellular cholesterol ester increased from (6.8?3.6) mg/g to (101.7?4.5) mg/g (P